docs: Add FAQ entry about vendoring dependencies

This commit is contained in:
James Shubin
2018-02-14 13:58:39 -05:00
parent 22e4dfa534
commit 1a2918082d

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@@ -69,6 +69,61 @@ serious automation workloads. Support for non-Linux operating systems isn't a
high priority of mine, but we're happy to accept patches for missing features
or resources that you think would make sense on your favourite platform.
### Why aren't you using `glide` or `godep` for dependency management?
Vendoring dependencies means that as the git master branch of each dependency
marches on, you're left behind using an old version. As a result, bug fixes and
improvements are not automatically brought into the project. Instead, we run our
complete test suite against the entire project (with the latest dependencies)
[every 24 hours](https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/cron-jobs/) to ensure that it
all still works.
Occasionally a dependency breaks API and causes a failure. In those situations,
we're notified almost immediately, it's easy to see exactly which commit caused
the breakage, and we can either quickly notify the author (if it was a mistake)
or update our code if it was a sensible change. This also puts less burden on
authors to support old, legacy versions of their software unnecessarily.
Historically, we've had approximately one such breakage per year, which were all
detected and fixed within a few hours. The cost of these small, rare,
interruptions is much less expensive than having to periodically move every
dependency in the project to the latest versions. Some examples of this include:
* We caught the `go-bindata` swap before it was publicly known, and fixed it in:
[adbe9c7be178898de3645b0ed17ed2ca06646017](https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt/commit/adbe9c7be178898de3645b0ed17ed2ca06646017).
* We caught the `codegangsta/cli` API change improvement, and fixed it in:
[ab73261fd4e98cf7ecb08066ad228a8f559ba16a](https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt/commit/ab73261fd4e98cf7ecb08066ad228a8f559ba16a).
* We caught an un-announced libvirt API change, and promptly fixed it in:
[95cb94a03958a9d2ebf01df0821a8c13a4f3a28c](https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt/commit/95cb94a03958a9d2ebf01df0821a8c13a4f3a28c).
If we choose responsible dependencies, then it usually means that those authors
are also responsible with their changes to API and to git master. If we ever
find that it's not the case, then we will either switch that dependency to a
more responsible version, or fork it if necessary.
Occasionally, we want to pin a dependency to a particular version. This can
happen if the project treats `git master` as an unstable branch, or because a
dependency needs a newer version of golang than the minimum that we require for
our project. In those cases it's sensible to assume the technical debt, and
vendor the dependency. The common tools such as `glide` and `godep` work by
requiring you install their software, and by either storing a yaml file with the
version of that dependency in your repository, and/or copying all of that code
into git and explicitly storing it. This project thinks that all of these
solutions are wasteful and unnecessary, particularly when an existing elegant
solution already exists: `[git submodules](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules)`.
The advantages of using `git submodules` are three-fold:
1. You already have the required tools installed.
2. You only store a pointer to the dependency, not additional files or code.
3. The git submodule tools let you easily switch dependency versions, see diff
output, and responsibly plan and test your versions bumps with ease.
Don't blindly use the tools that others tell you to. Learn what they do, think
for yourself, and become a power user today! That process led us to using
`git submodules`. Hopefully you'll come to the same conclusions that we did.
### Did you know that there is a band named `MGMT`?
I didn't realize this when naming the project, and it is accidental. After much